Microfertilizers
All of them are necessary for plants, but they are consumed in very small quantities. With the help of trace elements, the yields, the quality of the fruit, the resistance to frost and the drought resistance of fruit trees are increased. Microelements help trees to fight diseases caused by fungi, well affect fertility.
The greatest spread in the practice of horticulture received:
Boron fertilizers
This is boric acid, containing 17% boron, and drill - 11% boron. Both fertilizers are applied in the form of a powder (1-2 g per 1 m2), premixed with the ground, and then evenly dispersed, or in the form of an aqueous solution, sprinkling from a watering can with a mesh. Boric fertilizers are also used for foliar spraying of plants. For this, 10-30 g of borax or 10-20 g of boric acid are taken per 10 liters of water. Sprinkle plants 2-3 times: before flowering (on buds), during a period of mass flowering and during growth or after harvest. Bor stimulates abundant formation of ovaries.
Manganese fertilizers
Applied in amateur gardens, where signs of a lack of manganese are found. They can be effective on soils with alkaline reaction (carbonate chernozems). The plants are sprayed with a solution of sulfuric acid manganese (5-6 g per 10 liters of water) or potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate solution (1-3 g per 10 liters of water)) in 3 terms (buds, flowers and growth period).
inkstone
It is used in the fight against lime chlorosis, which affects many fruit and berry crops, especially the apple tree. Spraying of the plants is performed before the buds swelling with a 5% solution (500 g iron sulfate per 10 liters of water) and 0.5-0.7% (50-70 g per 10 liters of water) - on the vegetating leaves immediately after flowering. After 10-12 days, the treatment on the leaves is repeated.
For example, against apple rosetto, caused by a lack of zinc, foliar spraying with 8-12% zinc sulfate solution (800-1200 g per 10 liters of water) on sleeping buds is used. The effect of this treatment on plants persists for several years. A good effect is provided by the addition of zinc sulfate to the soil (64-73 g per 1 m2).
With simultaneous manifestation of chlorosis and rosettes, 0.4-0.5% solution of ferrous sulfate (40-50 g per 10 l of water) is sprayed with 20-30 g of zinc sulphate and 30 grams. urea.
With a lack of copper on light soil, good results for apple trees are due to the introduction of copper vitriol for digging (60-80 g per 1 m2) or foci on the periphery of the crown to a depth of 30-40 cm. Also, foliar spraying of heavily embossed trees with 3-4% Bordeaux fluid of early in the spring, before bud blossoming, and 1% - twice during the growing season: during the period of the beginning of growth and during the period of intensive growth of shoots.
