Pruning trees and shrubs
Pruning trees and shrubs is a very responsible process and you need to treat it with all seriousness, but without fear. You should immediately understand for yourself that the event is necessary and it can not be avoided from it, if you have started growing your own garden. The truth is not worth hurrying, hacking up, as folk wisdom says: "Measure seven times, and then cut it off." For such a painstaking job, you will need quality inventory, some technical knowledge of the processes, accuracy and patience.
Let's start with the information on what types of pruning of trees and shrubs exist in nature.
- Depending on the purpose of the process, we can distinguish:
- Forming pruning. It is needed to give the crown of a plant a certain type and size.
- Regulating trim. Its goal is to ensure the preservation of the already given parameters of the crown and to provide the plant with the most favorable balance between the ratio of growth and fruiting.
- Rejuvenating pruning, which stimulates growth in aging or old representatives of garden crops.
At what time and for what the pruning of trees and bushes is carried out is a question of paramount importance, since in the removal of plant branches, the timeliness of the process is first of all necessary.
Pruning after planting the young (seedlings) is carried out mainly in the spring. If at this time to shorten all the branches, they will start to branch better and this will give the opportunity to set the shape of the crown. The main rule in carrying out works is that powerful branches are shortened by 1/3, and weaker ones by 1/2 are long. Those that are located below the future crown are cut at the base.
There is one important nuance: the formation and pruning of trees and shrubs in the spring (March / April) - will slow down the growth of the skeletal part of the base, and if you carry out this work in February, then the intensity of the regrowth increases. Thus, with the help of natural natural processes, it is possible to easily adjust the correct formation of the crown and its density.
Winter-spring pruning is sometimes supplemented with summer trim. Carried out before budding, the pruning stimulates active growth of the plant, while the summer one, on the contrary, will slow down the speed. Of course, calendar dates are only a guide to the process of pruning, because the main influence on the seasonality of the development of a culture is provided by climatic, weather and regional conditions.
Rules for pruning trees and shrubs
Pruning trees and shrubs is an event to which some gardeners, especially beginners, treat with some coolness. And it's not surprising, why tell me to cut the currant bush, if it already gives a good harvest, and that apple tree will bear fruit for several years without our intervention. For each culture there is an argument, but all this until a certain time. Only a few years will pass and only memories can remain of profuse fruit. Diseases, insect pests and weather conditions are bound to contribute to this!
Therefore, we make an unambiguous conclusion: pruning trees and shrubs: rejuvenating, sanitary and molding - must occur necessarily! As a result of such actions - the number of branches is reduced, respectively, and all the nutrients are redirected to the remaining, most needed leaves and fruits. Saved branches will become stronger, and the fruits - larger and brighter. The crown becomes more aired and lit by the sun's rays, so the fruits will be large, beautiful and very tasty. If in time and correctly form a fruit tree or berry bushes, then the harvest from it will be much easier to harvest. Cutting sick, weak or dry branches, you warn the spread of diseases and pests, there will be unhindered access to foliar spraying and harvesting.
Is it possible to cut trees and shrubs annually - not only can, but also need! Irregularly conducted, it will lead to the desolation of the crown, the spread of disease and a decrease in yield. But do not overreact with thickets too much. If you need to remove a large number of branches or drastically clean impenetrable bushes - stretch the process for several years. Thus, gradually, not causing severe damage to plants, you will outline the necessary dimensions and boundaries. If you think that any kind of trimming compensates you for defects due to proper care, then you are mistaken. In addition to removing unnecessary branches, it is necessary to make timely fertilizing, fertilize the soil, spray the crown, clean the bark, cover the hollows and conduct other activities.
Pruning and formation of trees and shrubs, like any process, involves the observance of a number of rules:
- It is always necessary to begin removal from dry, broken, damaged or diseased branches.
- All branches pointing down are not productive, so they need to be removed. Growing vertically upwards - take away the main juices, they are difficult to harvest, so they too are subject to cutting.
- Shorten the shoots at a certain angle, directly above the kidney or side branch, cleanly, leaving no hemp.
- If you timely pinch a branch (usually it is done in the summer), then later it will not need to be cut off.
- On adult plants, you must remove all adipocytes, tops.
- Pruning and grafting of fruit trees and shrubs is carried out when the heat (temperature should not be lower than -8 ° C).
- After removing the affected shoots or branches, the cutting tool should be cleaned and disinfected.
- After cutting, be sure to treat the open section of the cut with a garden or oil paint.
- Weak plants should be cut less, and strong and healthy - stronger.
- A quality, well-grounded and clean tool is half the success of a business.
Pruning of ornamental trees and shrubs
The task of such a procedure is somewhat different than, say, sanitary pruning of trees and shrubs. First of all, it gives the crown a tree a certain shape and coordinates the overall dimensions, and gives the bushes a blossoming blossom. It should be clearly realized that an overgrown bush or tree "aged", even after the strongest pruning, does not transform into an attractive dwarf plant. Therefore, here, as in other types of work on pruning, the main criterion is a measure.
Some of the representatives of green plantations become more expressive with age. Such plants do not feel the need for our correction. But most ornamental trees and bushes just need a pruning. Before you plant an ornamental plant on your site or garden, you need to decide on the type and purpose of the plant, as well as the requirements for care, soil fertilizer types and climatic features, so that for you and for him, your neighborhood is not a surprise.
Decorative pruning of trees and shrubs is a complex and responsible exercise that will require theoretical knowledge in the field of crop production and practical skills in landscape design. Therefore, it is better to entrust it to specialists who have the necessary skills and knowledge.
The right time for pruning trees and shrubs is the main component of a good harvest!
What does every summerman and gardener dream of, a professional or an amateur, when planting fruit trees or berry bushes on his plot? Of course, to harvest as much as possible. For this purpose, planned pruning of young seedlings, growing adolescents and mature representatives is necessary. And the right timing is a very important factor. Spring is the time of flowering, and autumn is the harvesting of fruits.
Forming and pruning trees and shrubs in the spring is one of the first works that open a summer season. Depending on the region and weather conditions, they begin in late February and end in May. What does it give:
- Good ventilation. This is necessary in order to make the plant more pollinated, then in the future it will contribute to ovary.
- Strength and stability. Correctly executed pruning of trees and shrubs will enable the plant to withstand the severity of the crop without additional fortifications and supports.
- Resistance to diseases and pest damage. Timely removal of damaged by frost, wind and disease branches will lead to the improvement of the plant and increase its resistance to disease.
- Target nutrient direction. The pruning, performed taking into account the characteristics of each plant species, will optimally redirect the flow of useful juices to the fruiting branches and slow the growth of unproductive ones.
Proper pruning of trees and shrubs in autumn will prepare plants for wintering. Carrying it in the right way, you will achieve a great effect, you need:
- Remove all large, shrinking, broken and growing branches inside the crown.
- Destroy all diseased and contaminated sites, which wood should be immediately disposed of or removed from the site.
- Cut the weakest and most competitive shoots.
- Cut the branches that grow vertically upwards or at an acute angle to the trunk.
- Treat sections with healing solutions.
